x=3 hoặc x=1

Đặt \(t=\sqrt{10-x}+\sqrt{x-7}\) để làm gì vậy bạn? Đặt như vậy thì phương trình sẽ càng khó giải hơn á

Đk: \(-7\le x\le10\)

\(\sqrt{10-x}-\sqrt{x+7}+\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{10-x}-\sqrt{x+7}+\sqrt{\left(10-x\right)\left(x+7\right)}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{10-x}\left(\sqrt{x+7}+1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x+7} +1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+7}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{10-x}-1\right)=0\)

Dễ thấy \(\sqrt{x+7}+1>0\). Do đó:

\(\sqrt{10-x}-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=9\left(nhận\right)\)

Thử lại ta có x=9 là nghiệm duy nhất của pt đã cho.

`\sqrt{10-x}-\sqrt{x+7}+\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=1`     `ĐK: -7 <= x <= 10`

Đặt `\sqrt{10-x}-\sqrt{x+7}=t`

`<=>10-x+x+7-2\sqrt{(x+7)(10-x)}=t^2`

`<=>\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=17/2-[t^2]/2`

Khi đó ptr `(1)` có dạng: `t+17/2-[t^2]/2=1`

`<=>2t+17-t^2=2`

`<=>t^2-2t-15=0`

`<=>[(t=5),(t=-3):}`

`@t=5=>\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=17/2-5^2/2`

  `<=>\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=-4` (Vô lí)

`@t=-3=>\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=17/2-[(-3)^2]/2`

  `<=>-x^2+3x+70=16`

  `<=>[(x=9),(x=-6):}` (t/m)

Vậy `S={-6;9}`

Đặt: \(\sqrt[3]{3x-1}=a;\sqrt[3]{4x-1}=b\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{12x^2-7x+1}=\sqrt[3]{\left(3x-1\right)\left(4x-1\right)}=ab\)

Phương trình có dạng :

 \(2a^2+3b^2=5ab\Leftrightarrow2a^2-5ab+3b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2-2ab-3ab+3b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-3b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=b\\2a=3b\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt[3]{3x-1}=\sqrt[3]{4x-1}\\2\sqrt[3]{3x-1}=3\sqrt[3]{4x-1}\end{cases}}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3x-1=4x-1\\8\left(3x-1\right)=27\left(4x-1\right)\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=\frac{19}{84}\end{cases}}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{7x+4}{\sqrt{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}}+\frac{2\sqrt{2x+1}}{\sqrt{2\left(x+1\right)}}=3+\frac{3\sqrt{2x+1}}{\sqrt{x-1}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow7x+4+2\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}=3\sqrt{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+3\sqrt{2\left(2x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)

 \(\Leftrightarrow\left(7x+4+\sqrt{8x^2-4x-4}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{18x^2-18}+\sqrt{36^2+54x+18}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(7x+4\right)^2+8x^2-4x-4+2\left(7x+4\right)\sqrt{8x^2-4x-4}\)\(=18x^2-18+36x^2+54x+18+2\sqrt{\left(18x^2-18\right)\left(36x^2+54x+18\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-2x+12+4\left(7x+4\right)\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=36\left(x+1\right)\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-2x+12=4\left(2x+5\right)\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x^2-2x+12\right)^2=16\left(2x+5\right)^2\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow119x^4+588x^3+1940x^2-672x-544=0\left(1\right)\)

Ta thấy x>1 => Vế trái (1) \(>119.1^4+588.1^3+1940.1^2-672.1-544=1431>0\)

=> pt vô nghiệm.