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a, Áp dụng \(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\forall x,y>0\)
Ta có: \(A=\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(2+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(2+\frac{4}{a+b}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(2+4\right)^2}{2}=18\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
b, Áp dụng \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\forall x,y,z>0\)
Ta có: \(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(3+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(3+\frac{9}{a+b+c}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(3+6\right)^2}{3}=27\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
* Các BĐT phụ bạn tự CM nha! Chúc bạn học tốt
Ta có :\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=-\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^3=-\frac{1}{c^3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=-3\cdot\frac{1}{ab}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=3\cdot\frac{1}{abc}\)
( Do \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=-\frac{1}{c}\) )
Khi đó : \(P=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)=abc\cdot\frac{3}{abc}=3\)
\(\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{b^3}{c+a}+\frac{c^3}{a+b}\)
\(=\frac{a^4}{ab+ac}+\frac{b^4}{cb+ba}+\frac{c^4}{ac+bc}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Mà \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{b+c}.\frac{a^3}{b+c}.\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{8}}=\frac{3a^2}{2}\)
Rồi tương tự các kiểu:v
Suy ra \(2VT\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}{8}\)
\(\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\) (chú ý \(\left(a+b\right)^2\le2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\))
Không phải dùng tới Cauchy-Schwarz:D
Ta có:\(3\left(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a+b+c}\right)^2\le3\left[\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{a+b+c}\right]^2\)\(=3\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\le a^2+b^2+c^2\)(1)
Mặt khác:\(\left(\frac{ab}{c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{bc}{a}\right)^2\ge2.\frac{ab}{c}.\frac{bc}{a}=2b^2\)(2)
Tương tự ta cũng có:\(\left(\frac{bc}{a}\right)^2+\left(\frac{ca}{b}\right)^2\ge2c^2\)(3);\(\left(\frac{ca}{b}\right)^2+\left(\frac{ab}{c}\right)^2\ge2a^2\)(4)
Cộng theo vế (1),(2),(3) ta được:\(2\left[\left(\frac{ab}{c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{bc}{a}\right)^2+\left(\frac{ca}{b}\right)^2\right]\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{ab}{c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{bc}{a}\right)^2+\left(\frac{ca}{b}\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)(5)
Từ (1) và (5) suy ra điều phải chứng minh.Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
A/ \(2\left(5x-3\right)=7x-18.\)
\(10x-6=7x-18\)
\(10-7x=6-18\)
\(3x=-12\)
\(x=-\frac{12}{3}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left\{4\right\}\)
B/ \(3x\left(x-2\right)+2x-4=0\)
\(3x\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)=0\)
\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\Rightarrow x=2\\3x+2=0\Rightarrow3x=-2\Rightarrow x=-\frac{2}{3}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left\{2;-\frac{2}{3}\right\}\)
C/ \(\frac{x+2}{3}\frac{x-3}{2}=\frac{x+5}{4}\)
\(\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)}{3.2}=\frac{x+5}{4}\)
\(\frac{x^2-3x+2x-6}{6}=\frac{x+5}{4}\)
\(\frac{x^2-x-6}{6}=\frac{x+5}{4}\)
\(\frac{2\left(x^2-x-6\right)}{12}=\frac{3\left(x+5\right)}{12}\)
\(\frac{2x^2-2x-12}{12}=\frac{3x+15}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^2-2x-12=3x+15\)
(chuyển vế r làm tiếp)
Bài 1 :
\(a,2\left(5x-3\right)=7x-18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10x-6=7x-18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10x-7x=6-18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=-12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-4\)
PT có nghiệm S = { -4 }
\(b,3x\left(x-2\right)+2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-6x+2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-4x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-6x+2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3x+2=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-2}{3}\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
KL : ............
\(c,\frac{x+2}{3}-\frac{x-3}{2}=\frac{x+5}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\left(x+2\right)}{12}-\frac{6\left(x-3\right)}{12}=\frac{3\left(x+5\right)}{12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x+8-6x+18=3x+15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x-6x-3x=-8-18+15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-9\)
KL : .......