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\(x+\dfrac{4}{5.9}+\dfrac{4}{9.13}+...+\dfrac{4}{41.45}=-\dfrac{37}{45}\\ x+\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{13}+...+\dfrac{1}{44}-\dfrac{1}{45}\right)=-\dfrac{37}{45}\\ x+\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{45}\right)=-\dfrac{37}{45}\\ x+\dfrac{8}{45}=-\dfrac{37}{45}\\ x=-\dfrac{37}{45}-\dfrac{8}{45}\\ x=-1\)
Tính chất của phân số bạn cần biết như sau:
\(\dfrac{b-a}{a\cdot b}=\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}\)
Gọi biểu thức trên là A ,ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{5\cdot9}+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot13}+\dfrac{1}{13\cdot17}+\dfrac{1}{17\cdot21}+\dfrac{1}{21\cdot25}\)
\(4A=\dfrac{4}{5\cdot9}+\dfrac{4}{9\cdot13}+\dfrac{4}{13\cdot17}+\dfrac{4}{17\cdot21}+\dfrac{4}{21\cdot25}\)
\(4A=\dfrac{9-5}{5\cdot9}+\dfrac{13-9}{9-13}+\dfrac{17-13}{13\cdot17}+\dfrac{21-17}{17\cdot21}+\dfrac{25-21}{21\cdot25}\)
Áp dụng tính chất phân số đã nêu ở trên, ta được:
\(4A=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{13}-\dfrac{1}{17}+\dfrac{1}{17}-\dfrac{1}{21}+\dfrac{1}{21}-\dfrac{1}{25}\)
\(4A=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{25}=\dfrac{5}{25}-\dfrac{1}{25}=\dfrac{4}{25}\)
\(A=4A:4=\dfrac{4}{25}:4=\dfrac{16}{25}\)
Vậy \(A=\dfrac{16}{25}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{5.9}+\dfrac{1}{9.13}+...+\dfrac{1}{21.25}\\ =\dfrac{4\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}}{5.9}+\dfrac{4\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}}{9.13}+...+\dfrac{4\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}}{21.25}\\ =\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{5.9}+\dfrac{4}{9.13}+...+\dfrac{4}{21.25}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{13}+...+\dfrac{1}{21}-\dfrac{1}{25}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{25}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{5}{25}-\dfrac{1}{25}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\dfrac{4}{25}=\dfrac{1}{25}\)
`1/(5.9) + 1/(9.13) + ...+ 1/(21.25)`
`= 1/5 - 1/9 + 1/9 - 1/13 + ... + 1/21 - 1/25`
`= 1/5 - 1/25`
`= 4/25`
b)\(\dfrac{1}{7}B=\dfrac{1}{10.18}+\dfrac{1}{18.26}+\dfrac{1}{26.34}+...+\dfrac{1}{802.810}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{7}B=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{8}{10.18}+\dfrac{8}{18.26}+\dfrac{8}{26.34}+...+\dfrac{8}{802.810}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{7}B=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{1}{18}+\dfrac{1}{18}-\dfrac{1}{26}+\dfrac{1}{26}-\dfrac{1}{34}+...+\dfrac{1}{802}-\dfrac{1}{810}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{7}B=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{1}{810}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{7}B=\dfrac{1}{8}.\dfrac{8}{81}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{7}B=\dfrac{1.8}{8.81}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{7}B=\dfrac{1}{81}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{81}:\dfrac{1}{7}\)
\(B=\dfrac{7}{81}\)
A=1/2.9+1/9.7+1/7.19+...+1/252.509
=?
??????
\(A=\dfrac{4}{1\cdot5}+\dfrac{4}{5\cdot9}+\dfrac{4}{9\cdot13}+...+\dfrac{4}{17\cdot21}< 1\)
\(A=\dfrac{4}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{1\cdot5}+\dfrac{1}{5\cdot9}+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot13}+...+\dfrac{1}{17\cdot21}\right)< 1\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{13}+...+\dfrac{1}{17}-\dfrac{1}{21}< 1\)
\(A=1-\dfrac{1}{21}< 1\) (đúng) (đpcm).
a, \(\dfrac{x-2}{5}=\dfrac{x}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-2\right)=5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-6=5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-3x=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
b, \(\dfrac{x+23}{x+40}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x+23\right)=3\left(x+40\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x+92=2x+80\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x-2x=80-92\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-6\)
c, \(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...........+\dfrac{1}{2^{2017}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...........+\dfrac{1}{2^{2016}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A-A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+........+\dfrac{1}{2^{2016}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+........+\dfrac{1}{2^{2017}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=1-\dfrac{1}{2^{2017}}\)
d, \(B=1+2+2^2+........+2^{2017}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2B=2+2^2+2^3+......+2^{2018}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2B-B=\left(2+2^2+.....+2^{2018}\right)-\left(1+2+....+2^{2017}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=2^{2018}-1\)
\(\dfrac{x-2}{5}=\dfrac{x}{3}=>3\left(x-2\right)=5x\)
\(< =>3x-6=5x=>x=-3\)
\(\dfrac{x+23}{x+40}=\dfrac{3}{4}=>4\left(x+23\right)=3\left(x+40\right)\)
\(4x+92=3x+120=>x=28\)
. Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{11}>\dfrac{1}{20}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{12}>\dfrac{1}{20}\)
.................
\(\dfrac{1}{19}>\dfrac{1}{20}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{20}=\dfrac{1}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{11}+\dfrac{1}{12}+......+\dfrac{1}{20}>\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{20}+.....+\dfrac{1}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S>\dfrac{1}{20}.10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S>\dfrac{1}{2}\)
2. \(\dfrac{x}{12}=\dfrac{-1}{24}-\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{12}=-\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x=-12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy ...
3. \(\dfrac{2}{5.7}+\dfrac{2}{7.9}+........+\dfrac{2}{19.21}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{9}+......+\dfrac{1}{19}-\dfrac{1}{21}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{21}\)
\(=\dfrac{16}{105}\)
Ta có : \(\left(x-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{5.9}+\dfrac{1}{9.13}+...+\dfrac{1}{41.45}=\dfrac{49}{900}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{13}+...+\dfrac{1}{41}-\dfrac{1}{45}\right)=\dfrac{49}{900}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{45}\right)=\dfrac{49}{900}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{100}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=\dfrac{1}{10}\\x-1=-\dfrac{1}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{11}{10}\\x=\dfrac{9}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...