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Ta có:\(\dfrac{x^2}{a}+\dfrac{y^2}{b}\) \(\geq\) \(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{a+b}\)(1)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{bx^2+ay^2}{ab}\) \(\geq\) \(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b)(bx2+ay2) \(\geq\) ab(x+y)2
\(\Leftrightarrow\) abx2+a2y2+b2x2+aby2 \(\geq\) ab(x2+2xy+y2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) abx2+(ay)2+(bx)2+aby2 \(\geq\) abx2+2abxy+aby2
\(\Leftrightarrow\) abx2+(ay)2+(bx)2+aby2 -abx2-2abxy-aby2 \(\geq\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (ay)2-2abxy+(bx)2 \(\geq\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (ay)2-2(ay).(bx)+(bx)2 \(\geq\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (ay-bx)2 \(\geq\) 0(2)
Ta có BĐT(2) luôn đúng nên suy ra BĐT(1) luôn đúng.
Dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x=y=0.
Cho mình sửa dấu =
Dấu= xảy ra khi \(\begin{cases} x=y\\ a=b \end{cases}\)
Khó quá. Đúng là Câu Hỏi Hay!!
a)Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}\)
Nhân theo vế 2 BĐT trên có:
\(A\ge9\sqrt[3]{abc\cdot\dfrac{1}{abc}}=9\)
Khi \(a=b=c\)
Bài 2:
a)Sửa đề \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{x+y}=\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Khi \(x=y\)
b)Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\) ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b-c+b+c-a}=\dfrac{4}{2b}=\dfrac{2}{b}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại cũng có:
\(\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\dfrac{2}{c};\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}+\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}\ge\dfrac{2}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(2VT\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=2VP\Leftrightarrow VT\ge VP\)
Khi \(a=b=c\)
Câu 1: Với \(a;b;c>0\), theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy:
\(a+b+c\ge3.\sqrt[3]{abc}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Nhân theo vế ta được \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow MinA=9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c
Mấy bài này đăng nhiều rồi bạn ;v
Bài 1: Nhân cả 2 vế cho a+b+c rồi rút gọn được đpcm
Bài 2: Thêm 1 rồi bớt 1 :v (x+y+xy+1-1)
2a)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\forall a,b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+a+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}=\dfrac{1}{a+c+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(c+a\right)}\)
Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\forall a,b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\) ( đpcm )
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
Mà \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
2b)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+a^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2}=2a\\1+b^2\ge2\sqrt{b^2}=2b\\1+c^2\ge2\sqrt{c^2}=2c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{1+a^2}\le\dfrac{a}{2a}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{b}{1+b^2}\le\dfrac{b}{2b}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{c}{1+c^2}\le\dfrac{c}{2c}=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{1+a^2}+\dfrac{b}{1+b^2}+\dfrac{c}{1+c^2}\le\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) ( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Bài 1)
Nháp : nhìn nhanh ta thấy nên áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Giải
Vì x,y > 0 =) 2x + y > 0 , x + 2y > 0
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy dạng phân thức cho hai bộ số không âm \(\dfrac{1}{2x+y}\)và\(\dfrac{1}{x+2y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+2y}+\dfrac{1}{2x+y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+2y+2x+y}=\dfrac{4}{3\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x+3y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y}\right)\ge\left(3x+3y\right).\dfrac{4}{3\left(x+y\right)}=4\)
Dấu '' = "xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x + 2y = y + 2x (=) x=y
Câu a :
Theo BĐT cauchy schwar ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\right)\ge9\)
Câu b : Sửa lại đề nha :
Theo BĐT cauchy schwar ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+2bc}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+2ca}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+2ab}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Vì \(a+b+c\le\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge9\)